The Arctic and Northwest Pacific regions are becoming pivotal theaters in the ongoing great power rivalry between China and Russia, particularly against the backdrop of escalating tensions with the United States.
Both countries are consolidating their military and strategic partnerships, as evidenced by recent military maneuvers near Alaska and joint exercises in the Pacific.
China has made significant strides in establishing a presence in the Arctic, a move that coincides with strained relations with the United States.
On the other hand, Russia has been bolstering its military infrastructure along the Northern Sea Route (NSR), facilitating shipping access between the Barents Sea and the Bering Strait, especially since the early 2010s.
The Ukraine War has led to increasing economic ties between Moscow and Beijing, turning their collaboration into a strategic necessity aimed at countering U.S. and NATO influence in the Arctic.
Beijing’s goal of developing the
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